2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二

学人智库 时间:2018-02-10 我要投稿
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  Section I Use of English

  Directions:

  Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

  People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again _1_ that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by _2_. A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.

  A different and not mutually exclusive _3_ holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one _4_ by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_, people will simply become lazy and depressed. _6_, today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for _7_ Americans. Also, some research suggests that the _8_ for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting _9_ poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many _10_ the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.

  But it doesn’t _11_ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the _12_ of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the _13_ of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could _14_ strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the _15_ of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.

  These days, because leisure time is relatively _16_ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional _17_ of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel _18_,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself _19_ a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for _20_ matters.

  1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring

  【答案】C

  【解析】答案为C。动词词义辨析。作家学者警示人们技术会代替人类劳动。boast吹嘘、自负。deny否认。ensure确保。warning警示,警告。

  2.[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty

  【答案】A

  【解析】答案为A。上下文理解。根据后文富人会拥有所有资产,贫困地区也会扎堆,可以看出此处想表达不平等的意思。inequality不平等,instability不稳定性,unreliability不可靠性,uncertainty不确定性。

  3.[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction

  【答案】D

  【解析】答案为D。词义辨析。policy政策,guideline指导方针,resolution决心,prediction预测。该句意为:另外一种预测认为……。

  4.[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured

  【答案】A

  【解析】答案为A。动词词义辨析。该句意为未来社会的特点是无目的性。

  5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom

  【答案】B

  【解析】答案为B。词义辨析,上下文理解。没有了工作富裕生活的意义,人们会变得懒散沮丧。其他几项不符合题意。

  6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless

  【答案】B

  【解析】答案为B。考查副词。Indeed实际上,那些失业者生活并不美好。

  7.[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated

  【答案】C

  【解析】答案为C。上下文理解。前面提到失业的美国人在和工作的美国人做对比。

  8.[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute

  【答案】A

  【解析】答案为A。词义辨析。死亡率升高,心理健康问题等是因为没有工资待遇较好的工作,这就解释了原因问题。Explanation符合题意。

  9.[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among

  【答案】D

  【解析】答案为D。介词辨析。没有受到良好教育的中年人中间这些问题比较严重。

  10.[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside

  【答案】C

  【解析】答案为C。固定搭配意思辨析。Worry about担心,leave behind丢弃,使落后make up 组成,set aside 留出,把……放在一旁。该句意为这就是为什么人们担心未来无工作的无聊。

  11.[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically

  【答案】C

  【解析】答案为C。副词词义辨析。Necessarily必然地,statistically统计地,occasionally偶然地,economically经济上地。该句想表达并不必然的意思。

  12.[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles

  【答案】B

  【解析】答案为B。理解上下文。前面说没有工作会导致不安,这些观念是来源于在职业概念的社会中失业的消极面。

  13. [A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course

  【答案】A

  【解析】答案为A。固定搭配。In absence of 缺乏,in height of 在…高度,in face of 面临,in course of 在…中。该句意为如果没有工作,也就是in absence of job。

  14. [A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield

  【答案】D

  【解析】答案为D。动词词义辨析。没有工作的社会能为人们带来放松。Yield 有获得,带来的意思,disturb打扰,妨碍,restore恢复,交还,exclude排斥

  15. [A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship

  【答案】C

  【解析】答案为C。词义辨析。根据后面工作的缺点可以推测此处想表达工作的优点被过分夸大了。virtue优点,好处。

  16.[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce

  【答案】D

  【解析】答案为D。词义辨析和上下文理解。休闲时间对工作人来说相对较少。

  17.[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats

  【答案】A

  【解析】答案为A。词义辨析。闲暇时间来平衡人们的智力和情感需求。

  18.[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved

  【答案】B

  【解析】答案为B。词义理解。下班回到家感觉到疲惫。Starved饥饿的。

  19.[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into

  【答案】D

  【解析】答案为D。固定搭配和介词使用。Throw into投身于,throw off摆脱,throw against扔掉,throw behind抛开。投身到自己的爱好之中。

  20. [A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal

  【答案】B

  【解析】答案为B。词义辨析。一些需要专业技能的项目。

  【试题点评】完型填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来,是从语篇的角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。这部分大家一定要注重思路和寻找线索能力的训练,一般做题的基本思路是,根据已知信息去填空,根据空前后的线索来选择填什么。比方说,题目让考生填主句的内容,那么从句中就会有相应的说明。题目让考生填动词,原文常常在别的地方出现这个动词的同义词。那么如何判断呢?首先根据需要填写动词后面出现的宾语,找到有同一宾语的句子,该句中的动词就是所需填写词的同义词。