A CLIMATOLOGY OF EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION OF TROPICAL CYCLONES IN THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC
Based on best-track data and JRA-25 reanalysis, a climatology of western North Pacific extratropical transition (ET) of tropical cyclone (TC) is presented in this paper. It was found that 35% (318 out of 912) of all TCs underwent ET during 1979 - 2008. The warm-season (June through September) Ets account for 64% of all ET events with the most occurrence in September. The area 120°E - 150°E and 20°N - 40°N is the most favorable region for ET onsets in western North Pacific. The TCs experiencing ET at latitudes 30°N - 40°N have the greatest intensity in contrast to those at other latitude bands. The distribution of ET onset locations shows obviously meridional migration in different seasons. A cyclone phase space (CPS) method was used to analyze the TC evolution during ET. Except for some cases of abnormal ET at relatively high latitudes, typical phase evolution paths-along which TC firstly showed thermal asymmetry and an upper-level cold core and then lost its low-level warm core-can be used to describe the main features of ET processes in western North Pacific. Some seasonal variations of ET evolution paths in CPS were also found at low latitudes south of 15°N, which suggests different ET onset mechanisms there. Further composite analysis concluded that warm-season Ets have generally two types of evolutions, but only one type in cold season (October through next May). The first type of warm-season Ets has less baroclinicity due to long distance between the TC and upper-level mid-latitude system. However, significant interactions between a mid-latitude upper-level trough and TC, which either approaches or is absorbed into the trough, and TCs relations with downstream and upstream upper-level jets, are the fingerprints for both a second type of warm-season Ets and almost all the cold-season Ets. For each type of Ets, detailed structural characteristics as well as precipitation distribution are illustrated by latitude.
作 者： ZHONG Lin-hao HUA Li-juan FENG Shi-de 作者单位： ZHONG Lin-hao,FENG Shi-de(Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029 China)HUA Li-juan(Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049 China)
刊 名： 热带气象学报（英文版） 英文刊名： JOURNAL OF TROPICAL METEOROLOGY 年，卷(期)： 2009 15(2) 分类号： P458.1.24 关键词： tropical cyclone extratropical transition best track JRA25 cyclone phase space thermal structure upper-level jet