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代词的用法
关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法
(1) 关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法
英语中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,它们是用来引导定语从句的.关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词,又在其所引导的从句中承担一个成分,如主语、宾语、表语或定语.如：
This is the man who saved your son.
这就是救了你儿子的那个人.(who在从句中作主语,先行词是man)
The man whom I met yesterday is Jim.
我昨天见到的那个人是吉姆.(whom在从句中作宾语,它的先行词是man)
A child whose parents are dead is an orphan.
失去父母的孩子是孤儿.(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是child)
He wants a room whose window looks out over the sea.
他想要个窗户面临大海的房间.(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是room)
[1] who,whom和whose
who和whom代表人,在从句中作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,可省略.但若whom作介词宾语且介词放在其前时,不能省略;如介词位于句末时,可以省略.whose代表某人的,在从句中作定语.如：
The man who insists upon seeing with perfect clearness before he decides,never decides.
坚持看清楚一切后才做决定的人永远也做不了决定.(who作主语)
He is a man whom everybody respects.
他是一个人人都尊敬的人.(whom作宾语,可以省略)
He is a man fromwhom we all should learn.
他是我们大家都应该学习的人.(whom作介词宾语且介词位于其前,不能省略)
(此句也可以是：He is a man (whom) we should all learn from.)
The people whose houses were damaged will be compensated.
房子被损坏了的人将给予补偿.
Who,whom和whose可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表某人或某人的,此时不能用that.如：
My sister,who is a nurse,came home for a few days.
我姐姐回家住了几天,她是个护士.
[2] which
which代表物,在从句中可作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略,但作介词宾语且介词位于其前时不能省略.如：
The book which helps you most are those which make you think most.
最能使你获益的书是那些最能让你深思的书.(作主语)
This is a factor which we must not neglect.
这是一个我们绝不能忽略的因素.(作宾语,可省略)
Where is the book from which you quoted this sentence?
你引用这句话的那本书在哪儿?(作介词宾语且介词位于其前时,不能省略)
which可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表物.如：
The book,which I bought second-hand,is made of oak.
我买的这张书桌是用橡木做的,它是二手货.
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