代词的用法(2)

时间：2024-09-03 00:03:25 学人智库我要投稿

代词的用法(2)

[3] that

　　that可以代表事也可代表人,在从句中可以作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略,但不能用于非限制性定语从句中.代表人时who比that用的多些,代表物时that比which用的多些.如：

　　The letter that came this morning is from my mother.

　　今天早晨收到的那封信是我母亲寄来的.(that代表物,在从句中作主语)

　　Those students that failed the exam will have to take it again.

　　考试不及格的学生必须补考.(that代表人,在从句中作主语)

　　Have you forgotten about the money (that) I lent you last week?

　　你忘了上星期我借给你钱的事了吗?(that代表物,在从句中作宾语,可省略)

　　All the people (that) I invited have agreed to come.

　　所有我邀请了的人都同意来.(that代表人,在从句中作宾语,可省略)

　　The hotel (that) we stayed at was both cheap and comfortable.

　　我们住的那家旅馆既便宜又舒服.(that代表物,在从句中作介词宾语,可省略)

　　(2) 补充说明

　　下列情况下,定语从句的关系代词只能用that,不能用which或who

　　[1] 当先行词中有形容词的最高级时.如：

　　Shakespeare is the greatest poet that English has ever had.

　　莎士比亚是英国所拥有的最伟大的诗人.

　　Is this the best that you can do?你最多只能做到这样吗?

　　[2] 当先行词为代词all,anything,everything,little,much,nobody,nothing时.如：

　　Anyone that wants to succeed must work hard. 任何想要获得成功的人必须努力工作.

　　[3] 当先行词中有含有any,every,no,only,the first,the last,the same时.如：

　　You are the only person that can help me.你是唯一能帮助我的人.

　　Take the first chance that offers.抓住出现的第一个机会.

　　(3) 没有先行词的关系代词

　　如果关系代词引导的从句不是作定语修饰先行词而是充当句子成分,这种关系代词就没有先行词,它只起连接作用.这种关系代词有：what,whatever,whoever,whichever,wherever等.如：

　　What woke me up was a splashing noise.

　　把我吵醒的是一阵溅水的声音.(what从句作主语)

　　I don't know what good they could have done.

　　我不知道他们能起什么好作用.(what从句作宾语)

　　Whoever breaks the law is punished in the end.

　　违法者终将被惩罚.(whoever引导的从句作主语)

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