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中考英语：现在完成时剖析
中考英语：现在完成时剖析
1.基本概念：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；或表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.基本构成：助动词have/has+过去分词
过去分词的变化规则：
规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加ed构成,不规则动词的过去分词
见不规则动词表（教师给学生复印）
3.中考考查范围：
1）yet, already, just, before, never, ever, recently等表示时间的词作时间状语，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
天津中考：------What are you going to do this weekend?
-------I ____yet.
A.haven not decided B.will not decide C.have decided D.did not decide
2）since, for 引导的时间状语，表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态
上海中考：The Oriental Pearl TV Tower________thousands of visitors since 1995.
A.attracted B.attracts C.has attracted D. Will attract
3）this morning, this week, today, now等时间状语用在现在完成时中
河北中考：-----______Betty this morning?
----Not yet, but she is sure to be here before noon.
A.Have you seen B.Will you see C.Do you see D.Did you see
4）have/has been to 与have/has gone to 的用法区别
河南中考：Mike ______the bookshop .I have to wait for him.
A.went to B.was in C. Has been to D.has gone to
4.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时与一般过去时都表示过去的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的影响、结果等；而一般过去时只表示过去的时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，就过去的时间方面讲，只能与一般过去时连用，而不能与现在完成时连用。
Tom has been busy now.汤姆现在很忙。（过去的动作对现在有影响）
Tom was busy last week.汤姆上星期很忙。（过去的动作对现在没有影响）
5.判断正误：
1）When have you got here?
When did you get here?
2) I have had bought the book two days ago.
I have had the book for two days.
3)I have just finished my homework.
I have finished my home work a moment ago.
4)Have you ever met an American before?
I have met an American last year.
瞬间性动词（也可叫点动词或不延续性动词）表示的动作瞬间即可结束，不能再延续，因此不能与表示延续性的时间状语连用。
5）I have left Wuhan for ten days.
I have been away from Wuhan for ten days.
It is (has been) ten days since I left Wuhan.
Two months has passed since we arrived here.
瞬间动词--------延续性动词：应逐一记忆
become-----be begin to study----study borrow-----keep
break------be broken buy---have close----be closed
come---be here die-----be dead go-----be away
get up---be up have got-have join---be in
leave---be away lose----be lost marry---be married
open---be open
6. 能力拔高测试：
1)Where is Dick? He ________to the reading-room.
A.has been B.went C.has gone D.goes
2）How long______he______the dictionary?
A.has,borrowed B.has, kept C.has, lent D.is, using
3)He said he _______the league for two years.
A.has joined B.has been in C.had been in D.joined
4) Some flowers_______by Li Ming already.
A.have been watered B.watered C.have watered D.has been watered.
5)I didn’t go to see the film last night because I ______it twice.
A.saw B.have seen C.had seen D.would see
6）He______from home for a long time.
A.has gone away B.had gong away C.Has left D.has been away
7)How long has this shop_________?
A.be open B.been open C.opened D.opens
[中考英语：现在完成时剖析]
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