动名词的用法解析及四级真题实例分析

动名词的用法解析及四级真题实例分析

       动名词在句中起名词的作用，可以充当主语、表语、宾语(动词宾语或介词宾语)。它可以有自己的定语、宾语或状语。

　　

       1)动名词作主语

　　Seeing is believing. Talking mends no holes.Taking a cold shower every morning does him a lot good.____in an atmosphere of simply living was what her parents wished for. (CET-4 1999,1)

　　A) The girl to be educated

　　B) The girl educated

　　C) The girl's being educated

　　D) The girl was educated

　　动名词和不定式都可以做主语。不定式做主语表示具体的动作，动名词做主语则可以表示抽象或一般性的动作或情况。根据句意，这个女孩在朴素的生活环境中接受教育是她的父母所希望的，接受教育不是具体的一次性动作，因此用动名词，答案为C。当动名词做主语时，我们常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动名词放到句尾，特别要注意如下结构：It is useless (no use, no good, no harm) doing... It is a waste of time doing... It is worthwhile doing...

　　【例如】

　　It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is a waste of time discussing such matters with him.It is no good leaving today's work for tomorrow.

　　2)动名词作动词宾语   

        动名词作动词宾语是大学英语四级考试的重要内容。

　　a)英语中有些动词后面只能跟动名词作它的宾语 。这类动词常见的有：admit, advice, anticipate, appreciate, avoid，consider, delay，deny，dislike, enjoy，escape，excuse, fancy，favor, finish，imagine，include , keep, mind，miss, postpone, practise，prevent , propose, resist, risk, suggest等。

　　【例如】

　　Mike often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.The doctor suggested that I avoid smoking and drinking for a month.Would you mind opening the window?The murderer denied killing the rich man.I would appreciate ____it a secret. (CET-4 1995,6)

　　A) your keeping B) you to keep

　　C) that you keep D) that you will keep

　　appreciate后面一般加动名词做宾语，动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语，因此答案为A。

　　That young guy still denies____the fire behind the store. (CET-4 2000,12)

　　A) to start B)shavingsstarted

　　C) start D) to have started

　　Deny后面加动名词作宾语，而且引发火灾是在否认这一动做之前，所以用动名词的完成式，答案为B。

　　b)动名词在demand, deserve, need, require, want等动词后面作宾语时，表示被动的意