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大学英语b级知识点复习
英语作为一门国际通用语言,在世界贸易往来及文化交流中起着关键作用。下面小编给你分享大学英语b级知识点复习,欢迎阅读。

大学英语B级重点语法结构复习
一、 时态与语态
考察重点:
▲过去完成时:常和before, after, until, when 等引导的时间状语从句连用,其谓语动作一般表示过去。(by the time/the end of )+ 表示过去时间的短语或句子。
hardly/scarcely +过去完成时+when+过去时;
no sooner + 过去完成时 + than + 过去时
▲ 现在完成时和现在完成进行时
状语词组:this day (week, month, year), so far, for some time, up to now, up to the present, all this year 等。
▲ 将来完成时:常和before, until , when, after 等词连用,其谓语动作一般表示将来。by (the time/end of )+表示将来的时间或句子。
1) By the end of this month, we surely ____a satisfactory solution to the problem.
A. have found B. will be finding C. will have found D. are finding
2) It seems oil ____ from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it high.
A. have leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking
3) the conference ____ a full week by the time it ends.
A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last D. has lasted
4) Until then, ____ his family from him for six months.
A. didn’t hear B. hasn’t been hearing
C. hasn’t heard D. hadn’t heard
二、 情态动词
情态动词测试重点:
▲ should (ought to) +have +p.p. (应该发生而没有发生的事情)
▲ might(could)+have +p.p. (过去可能发生而没有发生的事情)
▲ must+have +p.p. (对过去事件的推论) 只用于肯定句。否定句用can’t , can.
1) The room is in a terrible mess; it __________ cleaned.
A. can’t have been B. shouldn’t have been
B. mustn’t have been D. wouldn’t have been
2) With all this work on hand, he ____ to the cinema last night.
A. mustn’t go B. wouldn’t go
C. oughtn’t go D. shouldn’t have gone
三、 动词不定式
考察重点:不定式的完成式,进行式和被动式。
1) Mrs. Brown is supposed ____ for
A. to have left B. to be leaving C. to leave D. to have been left
2) I’d rather read than watch television; the programs seem____ all the time.
A. to get worse B. getting worse
C. to have got worse D. to be getting worse
3) This book is said _____ into dozens of languages in the last decade.
A. to have been translated B. to translate
C. to be translated D. to have translated
四、 分词(现在分词和过去分词)
(一) 分词作状语
当分词作状语时,其逻辑主语一般须与句子的主语保持一致,表示时间、原因、条件、方式、让步和伴随。现在分词和主句中的主语有主动关系,过去分词和主句中的主语有被动关系。
1) Michael used to look hurt and surprised when ______.
A. scolding B. to scold C. having scolded D. scolded
2) _____ such a good chance, he planed to learn more.
A. To be given B. Having been given C. Having given D. Giving
3) Heated,water changes into steam. (时间状语)
当受热时,水就变成了蒸汽。
4) Not knowing how to deal with the problem, I turned to the teacher for help. (原因)
由于不知道如何处理这个问题,我向老师求助。
5) Being ill, the girl still came to class yesterday. (让步)
虽然病了,这个女孩仍然来上课了。
6)His father died, leaving his son nothing. (结果)
他父亲死了,给他的儿子什么都没留下。
(二)分词的独立结构
当分词短语作作状语时,其逻辑主语一般与句子的主语不一致,分词短语前需带其本身的逻辑主语,构成分词的独立结构,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随情况等。
1)His voice _______,he said he was too upset to say any more.
A)shake B)be shaking
C)was shaking D)shaking
2)Winter coming, it gets colder and colder.
冬天来了,天气越来越冷了。
3) More time given, we should have done it much better. 如果给我们更多的时间,我们会做得更好。
4) Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea.
她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。(时间)
5)The condition being favorable, he may succeed.(条件)
若条件有利,他或许能成功。
6)There being no taxis, we had to walk.(表示原因)
没有出租车,我们只好步行。
7)Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. (伴随情况)
几乎所有的金属都是良导体,而银则是最好的导体
(三)分词短语作定语和宾补
1)The manager promised to keep me ____ of how our business was going on.
A. to be informed B. on informing C. informed D. informing
2) The first text book _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. written B. to be written C. writing D. being written
3) The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.( 前置定语---被动意义)
4) They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard. (完成意义)
5) Who were the so-called guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night? (后置定语)
6) Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise
(四)With+名词(代词)+ V-ed/ V-ing
1). John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______, he gladly accepted it.
A. finished B. finishing
C. having finished D. was finished
2). I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.
A. going on B. goes on
C. went on D. to go on
(五) 动名词
考察重点
只跟动名词的动词:risk, finish, miss, mind, avoid, dislike, enjoy, practice, admit, hate, escape, appreciate, consider, deny , fancy, favor, delay, suggest, imagine, mention, postpone, excuse, involve, confess, include, acknowledge, understand,
To作介词后面接ing分词常见几个词组:
be accustomed to, be used to doing, devote oneself to doing
object to, look forward to状语从句
1)They are considering ____ before the prices go up.
A. of buying the house B. with buying the house
C. buying the house D. to buy the house
2) it’s no use ____ me not to worry.
A. you tell B. your telling C. for you to have told D. having told
difficulty
trouble
have a good/hard time (in) +v-ing
no business
please
(六) 定语从句
考察重点:
▲ that, as, when, where, which, whose 引导的定语从句
▲ 名词/代词/数词/形容词比较级和最高级+of +which /whom
▲ 介词 + which/whose/whom
1) A child ____ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. who B. who’s C. whose D. which
2) The train ____ she was traveling was late.
A. which B. where C. on which D. in that
3) Some of the roads were flooded, ___ made our journey more difficult.
A. which B. it C. what D. that
4) He has two sons, ___ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom
C. both of which D. all of whom
5) ____ might be expected, the response to the question was vey mixed.
A. As B. That C. It D. What
(七) 状语从句
考察重点:
1)时间状语从句的`名词词组:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant
2) 原因状语从句的连词:as, seeing that (), in that, considering that, for the reason that, now that, given that, because, since, as, for
3) 目的状语从句:lest, in case, in order that, for fear that, for the purpose that
4) 条件状语从句:as/so long as, unless,only if, providing/provided that(假若), suppose that, in case that, on condition that, assuming that,(假定),suppose/supposing that (假使)
5)比较状语从句:the more …the more, than(不同程度的比较) , as(同级比较)
6)让步状语从句:though, although, even if, even though,as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装), while ( 一般用在句首 ), no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, etc.
1). We won’t give up ______________we should fail ten times.
A. even if B. since C. whether D. until
2) We had hardly got to the station __________it began no rain.
A. until B. since C. while D. when
英语b级考试技巧
下面是考英语B级的某些小技巧:
Part one
Listening 听力
在做听力的时候,每选一个答案,都凭第一感觉,第三部分要尽量凭单词的发音来拼写出来,若真不会也不要空着,尽量全部空都填满。
Part two
Vocabulary and structure 词汇与句型
以下技巧基于英语B级试题 如果在考试中遇到相同的问题,按照所给出的规则,直接填写答案
Section A
1. 当看到differences 的时候 通常看答案中是否有 and 如果有 首选and 否则 选from
2. 当看到it is/was …… 答案中有that 一概选that
3. 当看到 youd better的形式时候 后面跟的单词全部都是原型,在语法填空哪里,直接照抄
4. 当看到定语从句的时候,答案里有which 或 that 的时候 首选that 如果没that,改选which,如果出现why 那么前面必须要有reason ,where 前面必须为地点名词
5. 当副词放在句子首句时,动词要放在主语前面。 例如 hardly,never,为副词,后面的句子主谓要颠倒 如 I had arrived 要变为 had I arrived.
6. 凡是看到介词 后面的动词全部要变动名词 如with, at, in, about, of ,without, on 这些介词后面都要加ing 如 in developing 在选择题的时候看到介词全选ing 形式。
7. 当介词放在首位时,通常情况下同To,如To our great surprise
8. 当看到if 这个单词时,一般情况下虚拟语气居多, 答案多为would have done形式
9. Provide 后面跟 with
10. 当看到people ,person 后面大多数情况跟who
11. When 后面跟动词 多选ing形式
12. 看到感叹号时 答案只有两个,一个是what 一个是how 看到a 或an时,选what ,木有就选how
13. 逗号后面的动词全用ing形式,表伴随
14. 看到句子后面有that 一般情况前面多数选so 或者such 自己判断 有a,an 多为such
15. Enjoy like love后面全跟ing形式的动名词 如treat 变为treating
16. 看到unless 多选unless
17. 看到be looking forward to 后面的动词加ing 变为动名词 如hear变hearing
18. 剩下的题目全凭第一感觉选择
Section B
1. 看到health 后面直接加y
2. 动词放在句首,自己看过的动词如work 多数情况下加ing,变为working,其他的则加ly 如 general 变为generally。Honest 变为honestly。
3. 看到e结尾的单词有有两种可能性 一种加变为differ-ence 另外则加ment 如achieve 变为achievement。
4. 看到than,记住这是比较级 如果给形容词且形容词为多音节,多数为较长的单词时,直接more 加所给出的单词。其他情况下可加er
5. 看到 have 或has 的时候 然后空格后面的单词为动词,多数情况为ed结尾的,直接在所给单词后面加ly 如 have (great)increased 则变为greatly
6. Employ 多数变为employee 记得加s 为employees 或者employers 前者可能性较大
7. 看到e结尾的单词,前面为主语 也就是人名 ,你看不懂的那些单词且有大写的 多数情况下改为be done 形式,如果有yesterday ,last week 的为过去 则改为was 加所给单词的后面加d 没有则为is 加所给单词的后面加d
8. 逗号后面一概用ing形式 如come 变coming, 前面如果有主语动词是第三人称则变为does 或者did
9. 看到the后面的形容词 直接加est 或 most 加所给单词
10. Invite 看到te结尾的 一般情况下可该为tation
11. 看到句子中有to 要么跟原型 要么加be 在加所给单词的ed形式
12. Is allowed 加to 加所给单词的原型
13. Help 变为helpful
14. 看到be 一般填写is
15. 虚拟语气 if i (be)you 永远都是were
16. 看到后面有ll 的前面的动词加s
17. 看到it is for sb 后面直接跟to do sth 也就是说to 加所给单词
18. T结尾的一般记住两种可能 一 是tion 为名词 二 是tive 为形容词 看到前面有a 或者an则用tive 19. 看到recommended,demand,suggest 后面直接把括号里的单词照抄
20. N结尾的都加al
Part three
Reading 技巧
1. 看所给题目的关键词,然后回归文章中的第一段找答案
2. 在文中找到和问题相同的词
3. 在回到所给的答案
4. 找出答案和所找的文章相同的句子,然后选择答案
5. 每一题都按照以上方法去做,遇到实在不会的就实行第一感觉或者大家认为的选择最长或最短,或者两个一样长选中间的方法
在task4之前的所有题目,切记所有答案都在文中可以找到,尤其是task3,是极其容易在文中找到答案的,然后记住写单词的题目,答案是不能超过3个的,也就是说最多你就只能写3个单词,数字除外。
Task 4
最先是找英文和中文自己都知道的单词,然后找剩下不会的,进行猜词法,还是遵循第一感觉
Task5
答案都在文中按照reading所给方法,在文中找出答案,然后记住所写的答案是不能超过3个单词,数字除外。
Part 4
前面四道题目首先要看看自己所认识的单词,然后在看答案所翻译的,然后在选择答案,如果知道单词较少,也就只能凭借第一感觉选择答案。第五道,看有没有自己认识的英文单词,然后在结合自己的生活,进行编造。尽量不要留空。
Part 5
作文
本人建议按照题目所给的要求和内容,然后在按主谓宾写出正确的句子,宁愿一句一句的翻译,尽量把句子写通顺,也不要空着,在临近考试期间,本人建议看后面答案的作文,抄写一两篇,临阵磨枪不亮也光。
请记住B级答案都在试卷中可以找到,只是看你是否细心,祝你们都可以顺利通过英语B级。
大学英语B级复习重点及技巧
第一部分:听力(20分)
共分三部分:
A部分:短对话,一问一答(10个问题,共10分)
B部分:长对话(5个问题,共5分)
C部分:短文听力(5个问题,共5分)
注意:
试卷上只有备选答案,需要学生在听听力材料时,要留心听并记住最后的问题是什么。否则即使听懂内容,看懂答案,也会因为不知道问题是什么,而无法做出选择。所以大家还必须熟悉问题的形式,听清楚问题是什么。特别听清以what,why,where,when,which,who等开头的问句。
复习方法:
选择与样题难度相等的听力材料,反复训练。
每分钟单词速度为90—140单词。可利用《网考直通车》中的光碟进行练习。在练习时,听第一遍,不看原文,模拟考试状态,边听边做题,听完后检查答案。听第二遍,对照原文听。然后抛弃原文,再听一遍,加强印象。培养耳朵对英语语音、语速的适应。
做题技巧;
无论是哪一部分的听力,在开始听之前,必须先阅读试卷上的备选答案。所以,大家可以在拿到试卷后,直接跳过“做题指示”(即Directons),抓紧时间阅读答案。这是因听力的作题指示每次都是相同的,都是告诉大家,听力材料只播放一遍,听完后选出正确答案。先看答案再听,可以从备选的四个答案中推测出听力的大概内容,帮助更好地听懂听力材料。其次,考生在答完一题后,应尽可能留出几秒中预先浏览下道题的选择答案。最后,听对话和短文时,可以做一些记录,比如记录时间、地点、人名、数字,以便做出正确的选择。
听力对话中常见的命题方式;
1、职业类型题;以确定对话者的身份的`听力测试题。这类题目的提问方式:
What is the man/woman?
What is the man’s/woman’s/occupation/profession/?
What do we know about the man/woman?
2、关系类型题;以确定对话者的关系的听力测试题。如雇主与雇员、师生关系、顾客与服务员、医生与病人、店主与顾客、老板与职员、经理和秘书
what is the relationship between the man and the woman?
What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
What proper relationship do these people have?
3、地点题常用的提问形式:
where did this conversation most probably take place/
where are the two speakers?
4、计算题: 这类题往往需要对时间、年龄、日期、数字等要经过计算才做出正确的选择。做题时必须熟悉数字的读法,能较快地反映成阿拉伯数字,并辨清音近的数字。
How many/how much is ……?
How long/old……?What time……
5、因果题: 这类题常用“why”为什么来提问,需要大家通过听力后,来答出原因。
6、态度题:涉及男女双方对某件事情、某个观点、或某个行为表示态度,如赞成、反对、满意、生气等。
通用的提问方式:
what does/did the man/woman think of it?
how does/did the man/woman feel about it/
how does/did the man/woman like it/
第二部分:日常对话(单项选择,10题共10分)
这部分是考试中最容易得分的一道题,考察在某些特定场景下的口语对话能力,比如在机场如何订票登机、在商店的服务用语和答语、在餐馆如何点菜、如何发出邀请与回应邀请、如何向别人提供帮助、打电话找人、问路、向别人表示祝贺、道谢、道歉、向别人借东西、提出建议、请求许可、询问别人是否介意自己做某事等等。
题型为;
给出对话的第一句话,要求考生从四个备选答案中选出一个来回应。
比如;第一句话为;
can I help you with the bag?
A.no, no I can take it myself.
B.thank you.
C.sorry, you can’t.
D.no, I am alright.
从上句“我可以帮你提包吗?”我们可以知道这是提供帮助的表达,因此我们应该选B答案才是正确的符合文化背景的回应。
第三部分;阅读题
共有3篇文章,文后各有5道题目,共15题,每题2分,共30分)
阅读题分数比例最大的一部分,只要做好阅读题就是成功了一半。
阅读题的文章一般是历史故事、科技短文、幽默故事、环境保护、学校教育等内容。单词量的大小是决定阅读成绩好坏的重要因素。在复习时,只有多记多背单词做题技巧;
注意做题顺序,不要边阅读文章边做题,或者是先阅读问题再读文章。比较正确科学的做法是,先文章再题目,在思考题目时再回到文章中寻找解题依据。考生应该具备掌握文章中心思想、主要内容和细节的能力,具备根据上下文来把握词义的能力,理解上下文的逻辑关系。
注意:一般每段的第一句即为该段的中心句。
第四部分;词汇与语法(25分)
A部分;词汇题(15题,共15分)
考试题型;从四个备选答案中选出一个正确的答案填入句子中的空白处,使句子完整。考试范围;介词、副词、名词、形容词、动词、情态动词、固定搭配的短语、不定式、疑问代词、现在分词和过去分词、被动语态、比较级、从句的连接词等等。
常见的题型有两种;
第一种是给出四个不同的备选答案,辨析词义从中选一个,这就要求有足够的词汇量。如;
My dad offered to pay my plane fare, which was very _______of him.
A、genuine B、minimum C、modest D、generous
第二种题型:给出四个相似的答案。
如:
The team will be anxious to_____________a disappointing start to the season.
A.live up to
B.make out
C.make up for
D.live through
B部分:完型填空(10题。共10分)
这类题对于大部分考生来说应该比较难的。因为这种题是综合考验考生的阅读、词汇、语法等。
做题方法:阅读短文,看到空格时,停下来观察备选的四个答案,选出正确答案,再继续阅读,重复以上步骤直至填完所有空格。最后再阅读一遍,检查校对。
第五部分:写作(15分)
首先,必须要读懂题目,题目是用英文表达的,所以能读懂弄清题目要求是写好作文的第一步。要搞清作文的体裁格式,字数要求,内容要求等。其次,紧扣题意,开门见山,用准确的词汇、规范的语法、连贯的句群,流畅地表达出文章的观点和内容。
常见文体;电子邮件、书信、便条、通知、日记等,字数多要求在80——100字。
大学英语b级知识点复习
(一)数词
A. 知识要点
数词分为两大类:基数词和序数词。
1.基数次表示数量(one, two, three),序数次表示次序(first, second, third)。
2.数词hundred, thousand, million不用复数;其“复数+of”可表示数百、数千、数百万,如:three thousand 三千/ thousands of trees(数千棵树)
3.在表达年龄时,注意以下表达法:
He is six years old.(其中year须用其复数)
He is a six-year-old boy.(其中year不用复数)“他6岁了。”
B.例题讲解
1)They have learned about ______ in recent years. (《大学英语》(B)Test 2, 37)
A. several hundreds English words B. hundreds of English words
C. hundred of English words D. several hundred English word
解析:B。hundreds of 之类的短语之前也可加many,several之类的词修饰。A项的错误在于hundreds后缺少of。
2)Nancy is ______ girl. (《大学英语》(B)Test 2, 29)
A. a eighteen-year-old B. an eighteen-years-old
C. a eighteen-years-old D. an eighteen-year-old
解析:D。eighteen-year-old是一个由连字符连接的复合形容词(其中year不用复数),作girl的定语。同时,由于eighteen是元音开头的词,前面的不定冠词用an。
(二)形容词和副词的原级、比较级与最高级
A. 知识要点
1.比较级和最高级的构成形式
(1)绝大多数单音节和部分双音节词后加-er构成比较级,加-est构成最高级。如: nice – nicer – nicest
(2)大部分双音节词和所有的多音节词,前面加more构成比较级,加the most 构成最高 级。如:careful-more careful-most careful
2.形容词和副词的应用
(1)同等程度比较:
as + 原级 + as e.g. Tom is as bright as Mark.汤姆和亨利一样聪明。
(2)不同程度的比较:
比较级 + than e.g. Tom is taller than Mark.汤姆比亨利高。
not as/so + 原级 + as e.g. Tom is not as/so bright as Mark.汤姆不如亨利聪明。
(3)对比与比较:
the +比较级, the +比较级 e.g. The older I get, the happier I am.我越变老,越觉得幸福。 比较级+ and +比较级 e.g. Jane became more and more beautiful.珍妮越来越漂亮了。
(4)当几个形容词修饰一个名词时,其排列顺序是:
好坏、美丑 + 大小、新旧、颜色 + 质地、属性 + 名词
e.g. a beautiful big blue wooden house
(5)当被修饰的是以-thing, -one, -body结尾的不定代词时,作定语的形容词要后置。 e.g. I read something interesting. 我读了一些有趣的东西。
例题讲解
1)Your box is mine.
A. four times as big as B. four times as bigger as
C. as four times big D. as big as four times
解析:A。在asas句型中,如有表示程度的状语(如 twice, three times),则置于第一个as之前,表示前者是后者的几倍。
2)Today’s weather is ______ worse than yesterday’s. (《大学英语》(B)Test 2, 40)
A. very B. much C. very much D. much too
解析:B。very用来修饰形容词的原级形式;much修饰比较级;very much一般用来修饰动词; much too常用来修饰形容词的原级形式。
3)—Did the medicine make you feel better? (《大学英语》(B)Test 6, 43)
—No. The more _______, _______ I feel.
A. medicine I take; and the worse B. medicine I take; the worse
C. I take medicine; the worse D. I take medicine; worse
解析:B。 本题是“越越”句型,要用“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”句型,前后分句都用陈述语气。
4)—What will you buy for your boyfriend’s birthday? (《大学英语》(B)Test 5, 34) —I want to buy a _______ wallet for him.
A. black leather small B. small black leather
C. small leather black D. black small leather
解析:B。根据多个形容词作定语次序排列规律,应该是small(大小)+black(颜色)+leather(质地)。
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