2004年高考英语真题完形填空题·完全解析上海
(A)People wear hats for three main reasons: protection, communication, and decoration.
Protection. People first began to wear hats to ___1___ themselves from the climate. In hot, sunny climates, wide-edged hats provide ___2___ from the sun. In cold climates, people often wear wool hats. In some regions, people wear a variety of protective hats, ___3___ the season. They may wear a wool hat in winter, a rain hat in spring or fall, and a wide-edged hat in summer. Hats also provide protection in certain ___4___. Construction workers, football players, military personnel, and people in many other fields wear metal or plastic helmets(头盔)for protection from ___5___.
Communication. Hats can communicate various things about the people who wear them. The hats of coal miners, cowboys and firemen indicate the wearer's ___6___. Students may wear a mortarboard (学位帽) to show they are graduating from high school or college.
Decoration. Most people wear a hat that they believe makes them look attractive, ___7___ the hat's main purpose may be protection or communication. Many protective hats are attractive and stylish. Even the caps of police officers and military personnel are designed to ___8___ the wearer's appearance. Certain decorative hats are worn as a (n) ___9___. In Scotland, for example, people wear a cap called a tam-o'-shanter that is part of their national costume (服装). Many people change their style of hat from time to time because they feel more ___10___ when keeping up with the latest fashion.
1. A. defend B. protect C. prevent D. hide
2. A. shade B. shadow C. security D. cover
3. A. resulting from B. basing upon C. relating to D. depending on
4. A. seasons B. climates C. activities D. communities
5. A. injury B. destruction C. harm D. pollution
6. A. experience B. occupation C. personality D. education
7. A. as B. unless C. though D. because
8. A. change B. increase C. display D. improve
9. A. tradition B. label C. honour D. fashion
10. A. sociable B. informal C. attractive D. noble
1-6 BADCAB 7-10CDAC
人们为什么要带帽子？文章告诉你三大原因--保护，交流和装饰。
题号 答案 考查内容
解题依据 解题分析
1
B
逻辑推理前后照应词义比较 人们戴帽有保护、交流和装饰三个原因。开始时，人们戴帽是为了保护自己免遭季节气候的伤害。与前面的Protection(其名词形式)一致，与后文的protective一致，且后文竟出现了also provide protection。对后几句给予总结。defend防护, 辩护, 防卫；protect保护; 保卫；"保护……以免遭受危险或伤害等"；prevent 防止, 预防; 指"采取预先行动或用障碍物使不发生或停止"；hide 隐藏, 掩藏, 隐瞒, 掩饰。
2 词义辨析逻辑推理 夏日，宽沿的帽子遮挡炎热的太阳光，提供荫凉。shade荫处，阴暗(部分); 阴凉的地方；shadow阴影, 影子, 隐蔽处, 阴暗；security平安; 安全；cover掩饰, 保护, 掩护。
3 D 逻辑推理词义比较 在有些地区，人们视季节的不同而戴各式各样的起保护性作用的帽子，如冬季戴羊绒帽，春秋两季戴雨帽，夏季戴宽沿帽。resulting from由……产生，原因是……；basing upon以……为根据； relating to与……有关/联系；depending on依赖于……，视……而定。
4 C 逻辑推理
前后照应 人们在一些特定活动中也戴帽子以得到保护。后文列举了这样的一些活动内容。seasons 季节；climates气候；activities活动，行为；communities团体，社会。
5 A 词义辨析 injury 伤害，侮辱，一般指对人所造成的身心方面的伤害；destruction 破坏，毁灭，一般指对物件或设施所带来的无法挽救的毁灭性的损失。harm 伤害，损害，通常有于抽象的表达方式中。pollution 污染，玷污。
6 B 词义比较常识运用 矿工、牛仔、救护队员的帽子显示出他们各自的工作，职责(occupation)，而非其经验(experience)、个性(personality)或是所受的教育(education)。
7 C 语句连贯 虽然帽子的重要用途是保护和交流作用，但许多人戴帽子是为了好看。表示让步关系，用though。
8 D 逻辑推理常识运用词义辨析 即便是警官和军人的帽子也是特别设计出来以达到改进增强穿戴者的外观。change 改变，变化，可能向好的方向，也可能向坏的方向变化；increase 增加, 增大，通常指在数量、体积程度上的提高；display 陈列，展览，显示；improve 改善，改进，通常指朝好的有益的方向发展。
9 B 常识运用词义比较 人们戴某些装饰性的帽子是作为某一标志。如苏格兰人的一种特别的帽子是其民族服饰的组成部分A. tradition 传统，惯例；label 标签，标志；honour 尊敬, 敬意, 荣誉；D. fashion流行, 风尚。
10 C 前后照应逻辑推理 许多人不时地变换帽子的款式以跟上最新的时尚，使他们感觉更为迷人漂亮(attractive)。与前文的Decoration 一致。A. sociable 好交际的，友善的；informal不正式的，不拘礼节的；吸引人的，有魅力的，noble高尚的，高贵的。
(B)
In Renee Smith's classroom, attendance is up, trips to the headmaster's office are down and students are handing in assignments on time. The Springfield High School teacher says she has seen great ___11___ since adding a few new students to her class - five Labrador puppies and their father.
The seven ___12___ students in Smith's class have a history of discipline ___13___. But since they've started teaching the dogs obedience (顺从), their own ___14___ has improved. A dog trainer Chuck Reynolds ___15___ the students a new trick each week that they then work on with the puppies. At night, the dogs go home with the staff members who have raised them. They get dropped off in the morning, ___16___ a parent would take a child to day care.
Smith said she came up with the idea when her dog had puppies and she saw how ___17___ her own children responded to them. She consulted with school psychologist Kristin Edinger, ___18___ they took the idea-- along with letters from students ___19___the programme -- to the school board. A pet therapist said, "What you are trying to teach is ___20___ and that there are consequences for the decisions you make."
11. A. promotion B. progress C. disturbance D. disappointment
12. A. human B. dog C. new D. Labrador
13. A. problems B. questions C. issues D. troubles
14. A. habit B. attitude C. action D. behaviour
15. A. guides B. teaches C. permits D. aids
16. A. such as B. much as C. so that D. even if
17. A. well B. quickly C. poorly D. carelessly
18. A. but B. so C. and D. because
19. A. revising&