考研英语：语法大全(情态动词-will,would,ought)
情态动词Will
可用于各人称，表示“意志”、“意愿”、“决心”、“允诺”等。如：
I will try.我愿一试。
I will do my best.我一定尽力而为。
We will never do it again.我们永远不会再做此事了。
Which will you fake？你要哪一个？
Who will go with me？谁愿和我一同去？
will在疑问句中用子第二人称时
这时句子表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问。如：
Will you please explain the sentence once more？请你再把这个句子解释一遍好吗？
Will you have western food or Chinese food，Mr. Smith？史密斯先生，你吃西餐还是中餐？
Will you pass me the butter？请你把黄油递给我好吗？
注意下面句中的won't亦表请求：
Won't you come in ？请进来好吗？
注一：在条件状语从句中须用现在一般时表将来，但当will用作情态动词表意愿时，则亦可用于条件状语从句，如I'll be glad if you will come.（你如愿来，我将会很高兴）。
注二：will在下面句子中= I suppose（我猜想）或probably（大概）。如：
This will be the room you are looking for.这大概就是你要找的那个房间。
You will remember the story I told you the other day.你们大概还记得我那天给你们讲的那个故事。
注三：will有时表示一种习惯动作或状态。如：
Water will boil at 100 degrees Centigrade.水总是在摄氏100度煮沸。
Boys will be boys.男孩子总是男孩子。
情态动词——would
Would
是will的过去式，可用于各人称，表示过去时间的“意志”、“愿望”和“决心”等。如：
He declared that he would do everything to help us.他说要尽一切可能来帮助我们。
I told peter that I would go along wit him.我告诉彼得我要跟他一块去。
All in e doctors and nurses told Dr. Bethune not to give his own blood to the wounded， but he wouldn't listen.和护士劝白求恩大夫不要把自己的`血输给伤员，但是他不听。
would用来表示现在时间时
这时would不论是表达说话人本身的意志或向对方提出请求，均较will婉转。如：
Would you tell us something about yourself？请跟我们谈谈你自己好吗？
Would you like to have a glass of wine？你要喝杯酒吗？
Would you please tell me the way to the nearest bus-stop？请告诉我去最近的公共汽车站怎么走好吗？
Would you mind helping me with my packing？请你帮我打打行李好吗？
注：在日常会话中，I would like to和I should like to都可以说，I would like的简略式为I'd like.如：
I should （would） like to have a look at the new television set.我想看看这架新电视机。
I'd like to borrow a copy of Alice in Wonderland.我要借一本《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》。
Would还可以表示过去习惯发生的动作
I found that retired persons would often go to the park to play chess.我发现退休的人经常到公园里下棋。
When he had a problem to solve，he would work at it until he found an answer.当他有个问题要解决时，他总是想办法一直到找到答案为止。
情态动词——ought
ought
ought只有一种形式，后面须跟带to的动词不定式。Ought表示“有义务或必要”做某件事，还可表示“劝告”。如：。
You ought to follow the old man's advice.你应当听那位老人的话。
You oughtn't to smoke so much.你不应当抽烟太多。
You ought to go to the clinic at once. You don't look well.你脸色不好，应该马上到医务室去。
注：ought表示“应该”，语气比should强。
ought后加动词不定式的完成式时
指过去的动作。如用肯定形式（ought to have done），表示某一件事该做而未做，相当于should have done.如用否定形式（ought not to have done），则表示一件不该做的事情发生了，相当于should not have done.如：
He ought to have done the exercise more carefully.这个练习他应当作得更细心一些。
I ought to have returned these books to the library last week.我上星期就应当把这些书还给图书馆。
You ought not to have been so rude.你不该这样粗鲁。
You ought not to have taken his skates without asking him.你不该没有得到他的许可就把他的冰鞋拿走。
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