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关于深化经济体制改革的若干问题（双语）(3)
我们着力依靠改革实施结构调整。从优化供给和改善需求两侧精准发力，主要运用市场化办法并辅之以差别化政策，有扶有控、有保有压、有进有退，既大力支持服务业和新兴产业发展，促进传统产业改造升级，积极化解部分行业产能严重过剩矛盾，又加大棚户区改造、中西部铁路建设、城市基础设施等薄弱环节投资。结构调整步伐加快，特别是需求结构、产业结构、城乡结构、区域结构等发生了可喜变化。消费对国内生产总值的贡献率达到50%，同比提高4.1个百分点;服务业占比达到46.1%，首次超过第二产业;粮食产量超过1.2万亿斤，实现“十连增”;中西部地区生产总值增速快于东部地区;农村居民收入增幅继续超过城镇居民，城乡收入差距进一步缩小。这既拉动了当期增长，又为长期发展铺路搭桥。
We devoted major efforts to carrying out economic restructuring through reform. In a precision effort to optimize supply on the one side of the equation whilst improving demand on the other, we drew primarily on market forces backed by differentiated policies to support, guarantee, and advance certain sectors while controlling, scaling back, and withdrawing others. On the one hand, we engaged in major efforts to support the development of the service sector and emerging industries; promoted the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries; and worked actively to address the problem of serious excess production capacity in certain industries. On the other hand, we stepped up government investment in weak areas such as urban renewal, railway construction in central and western China, and urban infrastructure development. As a result of these efforts, the pace of our economic restructuring has picked up, and particularly pleasing developments have been seen in our demand, industrial, urban-rural, and regional structures. In 2013, consumption was responsible for 50% of China’s GDP, up 4.1 percentage points from the previous year; the service sector accounted for 46.1% of our GDP, surpassing the secondary industry for the first time; and grain output exceeded 600 million metric tons, increasing for the tenth consecutive year. At the same time, the economic growth of China’s central and western regions outpaced that of its eastern region, and rural incomes continued to grow at a faster rate than urban ones, signaling the further reduction of the urban-rural income gap. The initiatives we have taken in restructuring are not only driving our growth at present, but will also pave the way for development in the long term.
人无远虑，必有近忧。现在回过头看，如果不是用改革的办法，即简政放权、创新宏观调控方式、着力调整结构“三管齐下”，而是采取短期刺激政策，不仅去年的结果可能会大不一样，而且今后几年的日子也许会更难过。靠改革创新，既解决当前突出问题，又为长远发展奠定基础，这是去年实践给我们的深刻启示。
Failing to plan for the long term will inevitably bring about trouble in the short term. Looking back now, if we had opted for short-term stimulus policies instead of turning to reform, that is, our three-way approach of streamlining administration and scaling back administrative power, adopting innovative approaches in macro-control, and carrying out economic restructuring, it is likely that last year would have played out very differently. Moreover, we would probably have created many difficulties for ourselves in the years ahead. Last year taught us that reform and innovation not only allow us to address the striking problems that we face in the short term, but also enable us to lay down a foundation for long-term development.
今后实现经济持续健康发展，仍然要靠改革。我国发展仍处于可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期，新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化深入推进，区域发展回旋余地很大，今后一个时期保持经济中高速增长是有潜力、有基础的。但也要看到，我国经济发展已进入结构调整阵痛期、增长速度换挡期，到了爬坡过坎的紧要关口。不深化改革，发展就难有活力、难以持续，甚至可能陷入“中等收入陷阱”。我们要坚定不移推进改革，坚决破除体制机制弊端，进一步解放和发展生产力，把千千万万群众的积极性和创造性调动起来，让潜在的发展优势充分显现，推动经济发展行稳致远。
To achieve sustained and healthy economic development in the future, we must continue to rely on reform. China is still in the midst of an important period of strategic opportunity in which it may achieve a great deal. With the continued progression of new models of industrialization, IT application, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, we will find ourselves with ample space for development across different regions of China. This means that we have both the potential and the foundations to maintain a medium-high rate of economic growth for a period of time to come. However, we also need to be aware that China has entered a painful phase of economic restructuring, and a phase in which the country’s economic growth is undergoing a change of gear. In other words, we have come to a critical uphill stretch in our development. If we do not deepen reform, we will lose the momentum to keep on developing, and we may even risk falling into the “middle-income trap.” Therefore, we must advance reform with unbreakable resolve, resolutely remove the defects that are present in our systems and mechanisms, and promote the further liberation and development of productive forces. We must unleash the creativity and enthusiasm of millions upon millions of people, give full expression to our hidden strengths, and promote the steady development of our economy for years to come.
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