《情态动词与虚拟语气》(一)
1.It is required by the rules that students ________ get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.
A.will
B.may
C.shall
D.would
答案：C
解析：考查情态动词。句意为：根据规定，学生如果想拿奖学金，任一单科成绩不得低于85分。shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必须”。
2.I’m really very busy，otherwise I ________ certainly go there with you.
A.can
B.shall
C.will
D.would
答案：D
解析：考查虚拟语气。结合前半句中的内容以及后半句中的otherwise一词可知后半句应用虚拟语气，所以用would。
3.—God!My cell phone is missing.
—You ________ have left it at home.I heard you telephone our daughter in the bathroom.
A.shall
B.must
C.would
D.could
答案：B
解析：考查情态动词。根据答语第二句的内容可知第二个说话人认为对方“一定”是把手机忘在家里了。
4.Even students of average intelligence ________ become top students by improving their study habits.
A.must
B.can
C.have to
D.ought to
答案：B
解析：考查情态动词。句意为：即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯而成为优等生。can在此处表示“能够”。
5.—Look，I’ve bought some bread，including your favorite flavor.
—You ________ any because we still have plenty at home.
A.should have bought
B.could have bought
C.needn’t have bought
D.mustn’t have bought
答案：C
解析：答语句意为：你没有必要买，因为家里还有很多。故应用needn’t have done表示本不必做而实际上做了。could have done 表示过去本可以做某事却没做;should have done表示本应该做而实际上未做;mustn’t表示禁止。
6.It is beyond my understanding that many adults ________ be so crazy about Harry Potter series.
A.will
B.can
C.may
D.should
答案：D
解析：考查情态动词。句意为：很多成年人居然对哈利·波特系列这么上瘾，对此我不能理解。这里用should表示“居然，竟然”。其他选项都没有这个含义。
7.It’s a pity that Andrew didn’t want to go to the conference.________ willing to go，we could have paid all his expenses.
A.Had he been
B.Being
C.Was he
D.He had been
答案：A
解析：考查虚拟语气与倒装。根据第一句中的时态可知此处是对过去情况的虚拟，意思是“如果他愿意去，我们会支付他所有的费用”。此处是省略了虚拟条件句中的if而引起的倒装，其正常语序应为“If he had been willing to go”。
8.These days some young people just ________ work hard because they have got used to the easy life provided by their parents.
A.mustn’t
B.won’t
C.mightn’t
D.shouldn’t
答案：B
解析：句意为：现在一些年轻人就是不愿意努力，因为他们已经习惯了父母提供的安逸生活。根据句意可知，此处表示意愿，应用won’t。mustn’t禁止，不准;mightn’t可能不;shouldn’t不应该。
9.—I regret to say that I failed to rank first in the terminal exam.
—Come on，nobody ________ win all the time.
A.should
B.must
C.shall
D.can
答案：D
解析：考查情态动词。句意为：——很遗憾我在期末考试中没有考第一。——振作起来，没有人能够一直赢。can(表示有能力做或能够发生)能，会;should应该，应当;must必须;shall(表示决心、命令或指示)必须，应当。
10.—May I take this book out of the reading room?
—No，you ________.You read it in here.
A.mightn’t
B.won’t
C.needn’t
D.mustn’t
答案：D
11.Sorry，Cathy，I didn’t know that you were badly short of money then.But you ________ me for help.
A.must have asked
B.could have asked
C.would have asked
D.may have asked
答案：B
解析：考查情态动词。说话人为自己不知道Cathy当时急需用钱而感到抱歉，认为Cathy当时本来可以向自己求助。could have done表示过去本来可以做某事，可实际上并没有做。