学英语作文

时间：2023-08-18 09:43:31 英语作文我要投稿

学英语作文共8篇

　　在日常学习、工作和生活中，大家最不陌生的就是作文了吧，写作文是培养人们的观察力、联想力、想象力、思考力和记忆力的重要手段。写起作文来就毫无头绪？以下是小编精心整理的学英语作文8篇，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

学英语作文共8篇

学英语作文篇1

　　My father is a medium size moderate, wear a pair of myopia glasses, looks very serious. In fact, my father is very kind, also very lively. He likes watching sports, love to play badminton, and the biggest interest is reading a book. He often said to me "books are human's good friends", and encouraged me to read more. He also taught me can't lie, or else, would like him to become near-sighted.

　　My father is very capable, manual work is very strong. Hydropower equipment is broken in the home, he can be repaired. He conscientiously, also strict with my work seriously, don't careless.

　　My father can do. I love to eat crabs and he does braised chicken wings.

　　In my eyes, father kind, competent, I love my father.

　　我的爸爸个子中等，体形适中，戴着一副近视眼镜，样子看上去很严肃。其实，我的爸爸很和蔼，也很活泼。他喜欢看体育节目，爱打羽毛球，而最大的兴趣是看书。他常常对我说“书是人类的好朋友”，并鼓励我多看书。他还教我不能躺着看，不然，就会象他那样变成近视眼。

　　我的爸爸很能干，手工活很强。家里的'水电用具坏了，他都能自己修好。他做事认真，也严格要求我认真做事，不要马虎。

　　我爸爸还能做一手好菜。我最爱吃他做的螃蟹和红烧鸡翅膀。

　　在我眼里，爸爸可亲、能干，我爱我的爸爸。

学英语作文篇2

　　war, the most dangerous threat the world

　　提纲

　　1. 目前世界面临的最大危险是战争。

　　2. 原因是……

　　3. 如何才能避免战争。

　　our world today is faced with many major threats. the most dangerous threat of all is war. each war starts for a particular reason, but there are a number of steps countries can take to prevent its outbreak.

　　on main reason for war is the difference in ideology. in order to control the world, capitalist countries never stop trying to tam over the communist governments. land ownership is also a reason that countries declare wars on their neighbors. for eample, if oil is found on the land in one country, that land may be claimed by another country, for historical reasons, and the latter is likely to declare war in order to recover the land containing oil.

　　to prevent the mutual slaughter of human beings, countries shouldtry to solve their differences through international organizations such as the united nations or by other peaceful means. in addition, the world people should never stop condemning those warmongers and send them to their graves if they dare launch new wars.

学英语作文篇3

　　A cover letter

　　Dear Sirs,

　　In reply to your advertisement in today's China Daily, I am now writing to apply for the position of sales manager.

　　I am a male, currently 24 years old. I graduated from Peking University and majored in international trade. At college, I have passed CET-6. Besides, I joined various kinds of social activities and organizations in my spare time, which have greatly developed my ability of dealing with complicated situations.

　　I hope I can get an opportunity for a personal interview. Thank you for your consideration.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　Liu Jun

学英语作文篇4

　　写作在英语学习中是培养和提高语言能力的有效手段，它有助于巩固和掌握所学词汇、语法等语言知识，有助于训练直接用所学语言进行思维，有利于提高驾驭语言的能力。中学生该如何写好英语作文呢？

　　一、写作步骤要把握好

　　一篇英语作文，掌握一定的写作技巧，应把握以下几个步骤：

　　1．认真审题立意，定文章之灵魂。

　　对命题作文必须认真审题，对自由作文必须立好意。文章要有明确的主题，必须具备4个条件：准确、鲜明、深刻、集中。我们以一篇命题作文“The English teacher I Admire Most”为例,文章的主题是关于记叙我最欣赏的一位英语老师，因而就不能泛泛谈论老师这一职业或自己的几位老师。

　　2．草拟提纲，打造文章之骨架。

　　审好题，立好意后，就要写提纲，打造文章的骨架。文章布局要做好3件事：安排好层次段落，铺设好过渡，处理好开头和结尾。如命题作文中有提示句，还要从提示句的关键词出发，围绕关键词开拓思路，发挥联想，记录下联想到的东西，可以是句子或单词、词组，可以是英语或汉语。以“The English Teacher I Admire Most”为例，提纲可以这样写:

　　1）Who is the English teacher I admire most

　　2) My reasons

　　3) What can I learn from the teacher

　　3．写出段落主题句，理清文章之脉络。

　　一篇短文的段落一般分为引导段、主题段和结尾段。每段的主题句非常重要，是作者思维的起点，切题的准绳，阐述的对象。看到段落主题句，读者可以大致了解该段落要阐述的内容。段落主题句通常是一个语法结构完整、内容概括、用词简洁明了的单句。通常将段落主题句置于段落的开头，可使文章结构更清晰，有说服力。

　　4．参照提纲，紧扣主题句，完成各段落，充实文章之血肉

　　有了段落主题句后，还需要顺着段落主题句的方向，参照提纲中的思路，从而完成各个段落。引导段要能引起读者的注意和兴趣，为主题段铺路架桥。主题段应围绕文章和该段的主题来展开。展开的方式包括：顺序法、举例法、比较法、对比法、说明法、因果法、推导法、归纳法和下定义等。可以根据需要任选一种或几种方式。还是以“The English Teacher I Admire Most”为例，主题段中就能用到举例法、说明法、因果法等。

　　进行这一步骤还需注意三方面问题：1）确保提纲中段落结构的思路与各段主题句的一致性。只有这样，才能保证所写段落不偏题，不跑题。2）要综合考虑各个段落的内容安排，避免段落内容的交叉。3）用好连接词，注意段落间、句子间的连贯性。要做到所写文章层次分明，思路清晰，文字连贯，就需要在句与句之间，段与段之间架起一座座桥梁，而连接词起的正是桥梁作用。

　　二、增加文采小窍门

　　如果说第一、二步骤是对文章的构思，第三、四步骤则是真正地“写”了，用词是否贴切，文法是否正确，句式是否多变，文采是否有生气，关系到写作者的语言功底和水平，但也有些窍门，以下这几点可以供你参考。

　　1．在整篇文章中，避免只是用一两个句式，要灵活运用各种句式。如倒装句、强调句、省略句、主从复合句、对比句、分词短语、介词短语等。

　　2．使用不同长度的句子，通过分句和合句，增强句子的连贯性和表现力。

　　3．改变句子的开头方式，不要一味以主、谓、宾、状的次序。可以把状语置于句首，或用分词短语等。

　　4．学会使用过渡词。如：

　　1）递进：further more, moreover, besides, in addition, then等等。

　　2）转折：however, but, nevertheless, after all等等。

　　3）总结：finally, at last, in brief, to conclude.

　　4）强调：really, indeed, certainly, surely, above all等等。

　　5）对比：in the same way, just as, on the other hand等等。

　　5．避免重复使用同一单词或词组。

　　6．注意运用固定词组、习语、谚语来代替一些词表达意思，以增加文采。

　　三、把好检查最后一关

　　1．是否切题。分三点看：一是整篇文章内容是否切合文章标题要求；二是段落主题句的内容是否与各段落提示句内容相一致；三是段落内部的内容是否与段落主题句的表达相一致。如果发现任何一个层面不切题，应该尽可能弥补，删除那些多余的或不切题的地方，但切忌动“大手术”。

　　2．是否连贯。检查上下文是否连贯，句子衔接是否自然流畅，检验的标准主要是句子是否通畅，该用连词的地方用了没有，所用的连词是否合适。

　　3．是否有语法错误。主谓是否一致，动词的时态、语态、语气的使用是否正确，词组的搭配是否合乎习惯。还是以“The English Teacher I Admire Most”为例，根据此标题，文章肯定用第一人称“I”写，一般性的描述用现在时，举过去的事例用过去时。

　　4．是否有大小写、拼写、标点错误。注意卷面整洁。要提高写作水平，最根本的是要大量实践，必须多读多写，注意博览和精读相结合，甚至可以适当背诵一些名句名篇。另外，还可选些范文，悉心领悟，多加模仿，以逐步达到运用自如。

　　迎新年英语写作范文

　　January 1st is considered as the New Year's Day.most companies,shops,school,and government offices are closed during that time.People prepare for New Year's Dayfrom late December.Firt,people spend a few days to clean their houses completely.Some families then put up some new painting from November to be sent in January.

　　The New Year's meal is also prepared from the end of ecember.During the New Year's Day,people usually do not cook and relax at home. On New Year's Eve,it is common to have a bag dinner with family members or friends at home or in hotels and hear bells which informs us of the coming New Year.New Year's Day is one of important days for many people in the word during the year.

　　Most people spend the New Year'sDay in hotels.On New Year's Day,people fiest greet each other. Some people wear new coats and visit temples to pray for happiness and health theoughout the New Year.Children are busy with getting the gifts from their parents and relatives.

　　，学英语的好网站，好的英语学习网站，英语

　　英语写作：甲流英语写作（2）

　　英语写作：甲流

　　英语写作（2）

　　Let's prevent H1N1 from happening to usDuring the last few months,H1N1 ful has set off across the whole world.If we have the right way to prevent it ,it won't scare.Here are some suggestions for you:First of all,you should cover your mouth with a napkin whtn you cough re sneeze,Next you'd better stay away from the public place if possible, if you have to,please wear a mask.Wash your hands carefully before meals and always keep your windows open so that the air will be fresh.At last,try to do more excisice to make your body strong so that you can stay in health.I think this is the most important.

　　最近这几个月里，H1N1病毒在全世界引发起来。如果我们用正确的方法预防它，免费学英语网站，它就不会那么可怕。这里有一些为你的建议：首先，当你在咳嗽或者打喷嚏的时候，你应该用手捂着嘴。然后你最好尽可能的离公共场所远一点，如果你必须去，免费英语学习网站，请戴上口罩。饭前仔细洗手，经常打开窗后这样使空气保持清新。最后你应该做更多的运动去使你身体更强壮，这样你就可以保持健康了。我认为这才是最重要的。

　　英语写作：Freedom in my Dream

　　H1N1 influenza, since the claws reached into the earth and stuck it into our world caused great sensation. From Moscow, the United States, Japan, ... ... to China, have spared, showing the speed of its spread. While we use some of the medical technology we have can be prevented, you can cure, but it is still scary. The most laughable thing is that some people thus do not eat pork. However, these are not the focus of my concern, I am concerned, I am sad is:

　　When we state the first to be infected were found, one who returned from abroad Sichuanese, I heard mostly blame everyone, it makes me sad exception. Had returned from abroad is a good thing, is between the happy event. But because even not aware of being infected was a complete mess of things hands and become pieces of sad things. At first, I think we should sorry for him, should go to help him. However, many people said: "In the U.S., do not come back Well!" "We also are engaged in a state of panic." ... ...

　　So I write this, would like to call everyone together for their fuel.

　　Unfortunately, they are infected, and now has been isolated, they can not see their loved ones, they have lost freedom, they are very painful, very unwilling. So let us give them the courage to give them strength! Let us wish them a speedy recovery!

　　H1N1流感，自从这个魔爪伸进地球，伸进我们的世界就引起了极大的轰动。从莫斯科，美国，学习英语的网站，日本……到我们中国，无一幸免，可见其传播速度之快。虽然我们利用我们己有的医学技术，可以预防，可以根治，但是却还是令人恐慌。最可笑的是，有人因此而不吃猪肉。然而，这些都不是我关注的焦点，令我关注的，令我伤心的是：

　　当我们国家的第一个被传染者被发现时，就是那个从国外回来的四川人，我听到的大部分都是大家的苛责，这令我异常难过。原本从国外回来，是件好事，是间喜事。却因为连自己也不知道被传染的事搅的得一塌糊涂，成了件悲事。原本我想我们应该为他难过，应该去帮助他。然而，很多人却说：“在国外就不要回来嘛!”“还搞的'我们人心惶惶的。”……

　　所以我写这篇，学英语的好网站，想呼吁大家，一起为他们加油。

　　他们不幸感染上了，现在被隔离，他们不能见到自己的亲人，好的英语学习网站，他们失去了自由，他们也很痛苦，很不甘。所以让我们给他们勇气，给他们力量!让我们一起祝愿他们早日康复!

　　英语写作：Freedom in my Dream

　　最精彩的译文英文名篇－《青春》

　　Youth

　　Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.

　　Youth means a tempera-mental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals.

　　Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spring back to dust.

　　Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being‘s heart the lure of wonder, the unfailing childlike appetite of what‘s next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station: so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the Infinite, so long are you young.

　　When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old, even at 20, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimism, there is hope you may die young at 80.

　　青春

　　青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉意志，恢宏想

　　象，炙热恋情；青春是生命深泉在涌流。

　　青春气贯长虹，勇锐盖过怯弱，进取压倒苟安。如此锐气，二十后生而有之，六旬男子则更多见。年岁有加，并非垂老，理想丢弃，，学习英语的网站，方堕暮年。

　　岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤；热忱抛却，颓废必致灵魂。忧烦，惶恐，丧失自信，定使心灵扭曲，意气如灰。

　　无论年届花甲，拟或二八芳龄，心中皆有生命之欢乐，奇迹之诱惑，孩童般天真久盛不衰。人人心中皆有一台天线，只要你从天上人间接受美好、希望、欢乐、勇气和力量信号，你就青春永驻，，风华常存。

　　一旦天线下降，锐气便被冰雪覆盖，玩世不恭、自暴自弃油然而生，即使年方二十，实已垂垂老矣；然则只要树起天线，捕捉乐观信号，你就有望在八十高龄告别尘寰时仍觉年轻。

　　经典美文：差距英汉双语

　　John and Bobby joined a wholesale company togther just after graduation from college the same year. Both worked very hard. After several years, however, the boss promoted Bobby to theposotion of manager but John remained an ordinary employee. John could not take it anymore, tendered his resignation to the boss and complained the boss did not know how to delegate and did not value hard working staff, but only promoted those who flattered him.

　　约翰和博比同年大学毕业后，被同一家批发公司录用。他们二人工作都很努力。然而，几年后，老板提拔博比为部门经理，而约翰还是一名普通员工。约翰再也无法忍受，学习英语的网站，冲动之下写了一封辞职信，并抱怨老板不会用人，不重用那些敬业的员工，只提升那些奉承他的人。

　　The boss knew that John worked very hard for the years. He thought a moment and said, "Thank you for your criticism, but I have a request. I hope you will do one more thing for our company before you leave. Perhaps you will change your decision and take back your resignation."

　　老板知道这几年约翰工作确实很努力。他想了一会儿说：“谢谢你对我的批评。但是我只有一个请求，我希望在你离开之前再为公司做一件事情。或许到时你会改变决定，收回辞呈。”

　　John agreed. The boss asked him to go and find out anyone selling watermelon in the market. John went and returned soon. He said he had found out a man selling watermelon. The boss asked how much per kg? John shook his head and went back to the market to ask and returned to inform the boss $1.2 per kg.

　　约翰答应了。老板让他去市场找到一个卖西瓜的人。约翰去了并很快回来。他说他找到了一个卖西瓜的人。老板问他每公斤多少钱？约翰摇摇头，回到市场去问，然后又回来告诉老板每公斤1.2美元。

　　Boss told John to wait a second, and he called Bobby to come to his office. He asked Bobby to go and find anyone seling watermelon in the market. Bobby went, returned and said, boss, only one person selling watermelon. $1.2 per kg, $10 for 10kg, he has inventory of 340 melons. On the table 58 melons, every melon weights about 2 kg, bought from the South two days ago, they are fresh and red, good quality.

　　老板让约翰等一会儿，这时他把博比叫到办公室。他让博比去市场找到一个卖西瓜的人。博比去了，回来之后说：“老板，只有一个卖西瓜的人，每公斤1.2美元，每10公斤卖10美元。这个人一共有340个西瓜，其中58个放在货架上，每个西瓜重约2公斤，免费学英语网站，都是两天前从南方运来的，新鲜，红瓤，质量好。”

　　John was very impresed and realized the difference between himself and Bobby. He decided not to resign but to learn from Bobby.

　　约翰受到很大的触动，他意识到自己与博比之间的差距。他决定收回辞呈并向博比学习。

　　My dear friends, a more successful person is more observant, thinks more and explores in depth. Chances exists in the daily details. For the same matter, a more successful person sees more and farther so that he can find out an opportunity and catch it to realize his aim. If a person sees one year ahead, while another sees only tomorrow. The difference between a year and a day is 365times, how could you win?

　　亲爱的朋友们，成功的人更善于观察，好的英语学习网站，勤于思考和孜孜探求。机遇就存在于生活的细节中。同样的一件事，一个成功的人会看得更多更远。有人看到一年后的情景，而你只看到明天。一年与一天的差距是365倍，你怎么能赢呢？

学英语作文篇5

　　may first is a sunday. and it is the labor’s day. my mother said to me :“open your eyes!and look out of the window. what a fine day! let’s go to park,” so my mother, my classmate and i went to the park.

　　we took some foods in my schoolbag. on the way to the park. i saw the blue sky with snow-white clouds. i saw pear trees and some apple trees and so on. below the trees, there are several kinds of flowers. it’s colorful, blue, red, yellow, pink, purple, orange and white. i saw some balloons and butterflies in the sky. i ate popcorn, cornflakes, banana and lollipop. they were wonderful.

　　in the afternoon, we went to the zoo. i visited the birds, mice, cats, dogs, budgies, hamsters, rabbits and so on.

　　may day is my favorite day!

学英语作文篇6

　　With the development of the modern technology，private car is no longer a luxurious thing for ordinary people，more and more people drive to work instead of going by bus. The popularization of private car has many advantages.First， it is very convenient and time-saving ，you can drive your own car to the workplace instead of waiting for the crowded bus and afraid of being late for working.Second，it can also improve the traffic structure，and help to mitigate the stress of the traffic.Third， the popularization of private car can help to promote the car industry and any other interrelated industries. I believe that in the future the private car will become the most important vehicle and we cann't live without it.

　　随着现代科技的发展，私人汽车对于普通人来说不再是一件奢侈的事情，越来越多的.人开车去上班而不是乘公共汽车。私人汽车的普及有很多优点。首先，它是非常方便和节省时间，你可以驾驶自己的汽车去工作而不是等着拥挤的公共汽车和上班迟到。第二，它也能改善交通结构，有助于缓解交通压力。第三，私人汽车的普及可以帮助促进汽车产业和其他相关产业。我相信在未来的私家车将成为最重要的交通工具，我们不能没有它。

学英语作文篇7

　　老爸是我最佩服的人，我佩服他学习英语的刻苦精神。

　　爸爸满脸的青春痘，但丝毫不影响他的帅气，一张国字脸上有一双炯炯有神的大眼睛，挺拔的鼻梁，和一张能说会道的嘴巴。

　　爸爸的爱好很广泛，尤其热爱英语。有一次，我正在房间里大声朗读英语，不知什么时候爸爸突然冒了出来，说：“英语真的很好听啊，真不愧是******用语言，我也来学一学，要不然就落伍了。”于是，爸爸就让我当他的“英语老师”，虚心地问我应该怎么读。刚一开始，爸爸读得很难听，就像外星人说话似地，可能连外星人都听不懂吧。可爸爸没有被困难吓倒，天天早晨早起二十分钟，一边听磁带，一边大声朗读。过了一段时间，在我和爸爸的艰苦努力下，爸爸的英语终于有了很大的进步。

　　老爸学习英语有一个最大的困难，就是容易遗忘。为了记住更多的英语单词，老爸苦思冥想，终于想到了一个好办法，他几乎把家里所有的'东西上都贴满了纸条，纸条上写着相应的英语单词。这样，老爸在拿什么东西的时候，就会把这个单词念出来。长时间后，老爸果然记住了很多单词。

　　这就是我的爱学英语的老爸。

学英语作文篇8

　　i am only a philosopher, and there is only one thing that a philosopher can be relied on to do. you know that the function of statistics has been ingeniously described as being the refutation of other statistics. well, a philosopher can always contradict other philosophers. in ancient times philosophers defined man as the rational animal; and philosophers since then have always found much more to say about the rational than about the animal part of the definition. but looked at candidly, reason bears about the same proportion to the rest of human nature that we in this hall bear to the rest of america, europe, asia, africa, and polynesia. reason is one of the very feeblest of natures forces, if you take it at any one spot and moment. it is only in the very long run that its effects become perceptible. reason assumes to settle things by weighing them against one another without prejudice, partiality, or ecitement; but what affairs in the concrete are settled by is and always will be just prejudices, partialities, cupidities, and ecitements. appealing to reason as we do, we are in a sort of a forlorn hope situation, like a small sand-bank in the midst of a hungry sea ready to wash it out of eistence. but sand-banks grow when the conditions favor; and weak as reason is, it has the unique advantage over its antagonists that its activity never lets up and that it presses always in one direction, while mens prejudices vary, their passions ebb and flow, and their ecitements are intermittent. our sand-bank, i absolutely believe, is bound to grow, -- bit by bit it will get dyked and breakwatered. but sitting as we do in this warm room, with music and lights and the flowing bowl and smiling faces, it is easy to get too sanguine about our task, and since i am called to speak, i feel as if it might not be out of place to say a word about the strength of our enemy.

　　our permanent enemy is the noted bellicosity of human nature. man, biologically considered, and whatever else he may be in the bargain, is simply the most formidable of all beasts of prey, and, indeed, the only one that preys systematically on its own species. we are once for all adapted to the military status. a millennium of peace would not breed the fighting disposition out of our bone and marrow, and a function so ingrained and vital will never consent to die without resistance, and will always find impassioned apologists and idealizers.

　　not only are men born to be soldiers, but non-combatants by trade and nature, historians in their studies, and clergymen in their pulpits, have been wars idealizers. they have talked of war as of gods court of justice. and, indeed, if we think how many things beside the frontiers of states the wars of history have decided, we must feel some respectful awe, in spite of all the horrors. our actual civilization, good and bad alike, has had past war for its determining condition. great-mindedness among the tribes of men has always meant the will to prevail, and all the more so if prevailing included slaughtering and being slaughtered. rome, paris, england, brandenburg, piedmont, -- soon, let us hope, japan, -- along with their arms have made their traits of character and habits of thought prevail among their conquered neighbors. the blessings we actually enjoy, such as they are, have grown up in the shadow of the wars of antiquity. the various ideals were backed by fighting wills, and where neither would give way, the god of battles had to be the arbiter. a shallow view, this, truly; for who can say what might have prevailed if man had ever been a reasoning and not a fighting animal? like dead men, dead causes tell no tales, and the ideals that went under in the past, along with all the tribes that represented them, find to-day no recorder, no eplainer, no defender.

　　but apart from theoretic defenders, and apart from every soldierly individual straining at the leash, and clamoring for opportunity, war has an omnipotent support in the form of our imagination. man lives by habits, indeed, but what he lives for is thrills and ecitements. the only relief from habits tediousness is periodical ecitement. from time immemorial wars have been, especially for non-combatants, the supremely thrilling ecitement. heavy and dragging at its end, at its outset every war means an eplosion of imaginative energy. the dams of routine burst, and boundless prospects open. the remotest spectators share the fascination. with that awful struggle now in progress on the confines of the world, there is not a man in this room, i suppose, who doesnt buy both an evening and a morning paper, and first of all pounce on the war column.

　　a deadly listlessness would come over most mens imagination of the future if they could seriously be brought to believe that never again in saecula saeculorum would a war trouble human history. in such a stagnant summer afternoon of a world, where would be the zest or interest ?

　　this is the constitution of human nature which we have to work against. the plain truth is that people want war. they want it anyhow; for itself; and apart from each and every possible consequence. it is the final bouquet of lifes fireworks. the born soldiers want it hot and actual. the non-combatants want it in the background, and always as an open possibility, to feed imagination on and keep ecitement going. its clerical and historical defenders fool themselves when they talk as they do about it. what moves them is not the blessings it has won for us, but a vague religious ealtation. war, they feel, is human nature at its uttermost. we are here to do our uttermost. it is a sacrament. society would rot, they think, without the mystical blood-payment.

　　we do ill, i fancy, to talk much of universal peace or of a general disarmament. we must go in for preventive medicine not for radical cure. we must cheat our foe, politically circumvent his action, not try to change his nature. in one respect war is like love, though in no other. both leave us intervals of rest; and in the intervals life goes on perfectly well without them, though the imagination still dallies with their possibility. equally insane when once aroused and under headway, whether they shall be aroused or not depends on accidental circumstances. how are old maids and old bachelors made? not by deliberate vows of celibacy, but by sliding on from year to year with no sufficient matrimonial provocation. so of the nations with their wars. let the general possibility of war be left open, in heavens name, for the imagination to dally with. let the soldiers dream of killing, as the old maids dream of marrying. but organize in every conceivable way the practical machinery for making each successive chance of war abortive. put peace-men in power; educate the editors and statesmen to responsibility; -- how beautifully did their trained responsibility in england make the venezuela incident abortive! seize every pretet, however small, for arbitration methods, and multiply the precedents; foster rival ecitements and invent new outlets for heroic energy; and from one generation to another, the chances are that irritations will grow less acute and states of strain less dangerous among the nations. armies and navies will continue, of course, and will fire the minds of populations with their potentialities of greatness. but their officers will find that somehow or other, with no deliberate intention on any ones part, each successive incident has managed to evaporate and to lead nowhere, and that the thought of what might have been remains their only consolation.

　　the last weak runnings of the war spirit will be punitive epeditions. a country that turns its arms only against uncivilized foes is, i think, wrongly taunted as degenerate. of course it has ceased to be heroic in the old grand style. but i verily believe that this is because it now sees something better. it has a conscience. it knows that between civilized countries a war is a crime against civilization. it will still perpetrate peccadillos, to be sure. but it is afraid, afraid in the good sense of the word, to engage in absolute crimes against civilization.

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